Annual Trailer Inspection Checklist

Follow this structured procedure to ensure thorough inspection of trailer systems for safety and compliance.

Key Component Inspection Checklist

These key components must be thoroughly inspected during an annual trailer inspection.

Brake System

  • Brake drums/rotors (cracks, wear, out-of-round)
  • Brake lining/pads (thickness, contamination, secure)
  • Brake camshafts, rollers, and S-cams (wear, seizure)
  • Brake chambers (leaks, damage, proper size)
  • Slack adjusters (free play, adjustment, wear)
  • Pushrod travel (within specifications)
  • Air lines and hoses (leaks, chafing, kinks)
  • ABS system (functional, warning light operational)
  • Spring brakes and emergency system (function test)

Suspension System

  • Leaf springs (cracks, broken, shifted, missing)
  • Air springs (leaks, damage, height control)
  • Spring hangers and shackles (wear, cracks)
  • U-bolts (tightness, cracks, missing)
  • Torque arms and bushings (wear, damage)
  • Axles (alignment, cracks, leaking seals)
  • Radius rods and bushings (wear, damage)
  • Air valves and height control (function, security)

Coupling Devices

  • Kingpin (wear, cracks, deformation)
  • Upper coupler plate (cracks, deformation, security)
  • Kingpin mounting bolts (torque, security)
  • Landing gear (operation, damage, security)
  • Landing gear cross bracing (integrity, security)
  • Landing gear mounting (security, cracks)
  • Pintle hooks/eyes (wear, cracks) - if applicable
  • Drawbar/tongue (bends, cracks) - if applicable

Frame and Structure

  • Frame rails (cracks, bends, deformation)
  • Cross members (cracks, missing, security)
  • Floor (holes, structural integrity)
  • Side rails/walls (damage, security)
  • Roof structure (damage, leaks) - if applicable
  • ICC bumper/underride guard (height, security)
  • Welds and rivets (integrity, security)
  • Sliding tandem assembly (lock pins, rails)

Wheels and Tires

  • Tire tread depth (minimum 2/32" for all tires)
  • Tire condition (cuts, bulges, separations)
  • Tire inflation (proper pressure for all tires)
  • Wheel/rim condition (cracks, bends, repairs)
  • Lug nuts (all present, properly torqued)
  • Wheel bearings (endplay, contamination)
  • Hub oil seals (leaks, condition)
  • Valve stems and caps (condition, present)

Lighting and Electrical

  • Tail lights (operation, lens condition)
  • Stop/brake lights (operation, lens condition)
  • Turn signals (operation, lens condition)
  • Clearance/marker lights (operation, lens condition)
  • Reflectors and conspicuity tape (present, condition)
  • License plate light (operation)
  • ABS warning light (function test)
  • Wiring harnesses (secure, no damaged insulation)
  • 7-way connector (pins, corrosion, security)

Cargo Securement

  • Anchor points (security, damage, deformation)
  • Winches and tracks (operation, security)
  • Cargo straps (damage, rating marks legible)
  • Chains and binders (wear, damage, rating)
  • Headboard/bulkhead (security, structural integrity)
  • Stake pockets (deformation, security)
  • Container locks (function, security) - if applicable
  • E-track system (security, damage) - if applicable

Special Equipment

  • Refrigeration unit (operation, mounting) - Reefers
  • Hydraulic system (function, leaks) - Dumps/Lowboys
  • Tailgate/doors (security, operation, seals)
  • Tank integrity (welds, baffles, leaks) - Tankers
  • Pressure relief devices (function) - Tankers
  • Loading/unloading equipment (function, security)
  • Liftgate (operation, hydraulics, security)
  • Ramps and decks (security, condition)

Inspection Procedures

Follow these detailed procedures for specific components to ensure a thorough inspection.

Brake Measurement Procedure

  • Measure brake drum diameter with a drum gauge tool
  • Measure brake lining thickness at thinnest point
  • Measure pushrod travel at 90-100 PSI with brakes applied
  • Compare all measurements to manufacturer specs
  • Check for proper brake adjustment
  • Document all measurements for compliance records

Kingpin Inspection

  • Use kingpin gauge to check for wear
  • Inspect for elongation or mushrooming
  • Check for cracks using appropriate methods
  • Verify mounting bolts are secure and properly torqued
  • Inspect upper coupler plate for cracks or deformation
  • Measure relative to maximum allowable wear specs

Air Brake System Check

  • Connect to tractor or test equipment
  • Charge system to governor cutout pressure
  • Check for leaks with soap solution at all connections
  • Conduct applied leak test with brakes applied
  • Verify proper operation of spring brakes
  • Test ABS system with diagnostic equipment

Wheel Bearing Inspection

  • Verify proper lubrication level in hubs
  • Check for lubricant contamination
  • Test for excessive endplay with dial indicator
  • Raise axle and check for smooth rotation
  • Listen for abnormal noise during rotation
  • Inspect seals for damage or leakage